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MARTINIQUE - Type et Costume Creole, ca. 1920. Creator: Louis Bauer
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MARTINIQUE - Type et Costume Creole, ca. 1920. Creator: Louis Bauer
The title of this French colonial postcard " MARTINIQUE - Type et Costume Creole" exemplifies the standard naming structure that categorized " exotic" native subjects in the form of ethnic and occupational " types." Presenting the image subjects in this way conveyed the perception of them as " tame" colonial subjects capable of assimilation into European ways of life. The colonial postcard, popular in the first two decades of the 20th century, came to represent both the technological triumphs of western photography - in printing and mass production - and the political triumphs of European conquest and expansion. These postcards also promoted tourism to the French Caribbean, painting the region as a safe, favorable, and exotic travel destination.The woman in this image wears a traditional, five-piece French Caribbean formal ensemble called a douillette, which is derived from the grand robe worn by early French settlers. Prior to Emancipation, dress codes required enslaved women to wear a chemise jupe, an informal bodice and skirt ensemble
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This vintage print titled "MARTINIQUE - Type et Costume Creole, ca. 1920" captures the essence of French colonial postcards from the early 20th century. The title itself reflects the categorization and exoticism that was prevalent during this time, as native subjects were often labeled as "types" based on their ethnicity and occupation. The image presents a perception of these individuals as docile colonial subjects who could easily assimilate into European ways of life. These postcards not only showcased the technological advancements in photography and mass production but also celebrated the political triumphs of European conquest and expansion. Furthermore, these postcards played a significant role in promoting tourism to the French Caribbean by portraying it as a safe, favorable, and exotic travel destination. They painted an idyllic picture of Martinique's culture and traditions for potential visitors. In this particular photograph, we see a woman dressed in a traditional five-piece formal ensemble known as douillette. This attire is derived from the grand robe worn by early French settlers in Martinique. It is worth noting that prior to Emancipation, enslaved women were required to wear more informal bodice and skirt ensembles called chemise jupe. Captured by Louis Bauer, this image offers us a glimpse into both historical fashion trends and cultural practices within Martinique during that era.
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